Objective: To determine that infrared scrotal thermography is a diagnostic method that can diagnose recurrence after varicocele surgery. Subjects and methods: The study was structured based on a prospective research. Subjects were examined and treated through the urology clinic of the Department of Urology of the General Hospital "Dr. Josip Benčević" Slavonski Brod. The research was conducted on 38 subjects treated in the period from 2010 to 2017. .Research protocol includes: 1. Diagnostics using a modern thermographic camera with image analysis in the appropriate software package 2. Clinical examination 3. Ultrasound diagnosis with color Doppler 4. Two or more months after surgery, re-diagnosis using thermography, clinical examination and ultrasound with color Doppler. The results: All subjects had a positive clinical finding before surgery, while it was positive after surgery in 33 (87%) subjects. Before the procedure, 31 (82%) subjects had III. degree of varicocele, and 7 (23%) subjects had II. or II / III. degree of varicocele. After the procedure, there was a significant improvement, i.e. III. degree and II / III. the degree of varicocele has 7 (19%) subjects, while most of them, 16 (42%) I. degree, and 5 (13%) subjects recorded a regular finding (Marginal homogeneity test, P <0.001). Positive thermographic findings before surgery were found in 37 (97%) subjects, and after surgery negative thermographic findings were found in 7 (18%) subjects (McNemar test, P <0.001). All subjects had a positive ultrasound finding before surgery, while it was positive after surgery in 13 (34%) subjects. Left vein conglomerate is noticed before surgery in 25 (66%) subjects, bilaterally in 3 (8%) subjects. After the operation, left vein conglomerate was noticed in 9 (24%) subjects, and one (3%) subject recorded venous conglomerate on both sides. 60 Comparing the finding of infrared thermography with the clinical finding after surgery, it is noticed that according to the clinical finding after surgery there are still 33 (87%) subjects with a positive finding, while according to the thermographic finding positive 7 (18%), which is a significant difference test, P <0.001). Comparing these two methods with respect to the finding after surgery, one cannot say that there is agreement in the methods (Cohen's Kappa k = 0.07 with 95% CI from -0.01 to 0.14). After the operation, comparing the ultrasound finding with the infrared thermography finding, it is noticed that according to the ultrasound finding after the operation, there are still 13 (34%) subjects with a positive finding, while according to the thermographic finding, 7 (18%) are positive (McNemar test, P = 0 , 03) (measured by thermography with a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 80.6%). Comparing these two methods with respect to the postoperative finding, one can say that there is a significant moderate agreement between ultrasound and thermographic findings (Cohen's Kappa k = 0.606 with 95% CI from 0.339 to 0.872; P <0.001). Comparing the clinical finding with the ultrasound finding, we notice that significantly more subjects after surgery according to the clinical finding are positive compared to the ultrasound finding. Compared to ultrasound findings, the sensitivity of the clinical finding after surgery is 92.3% and the specificity is 16%. We note that, after surgery, there is no significant agreement between clinical and ultrasound findings (Cohen's Kappa test k= 0.061, P = 0.64) Based on the fulfilled criteria, there is a significant decrease in the number of subjects with a final diagnosis of varicocele after surgery, ie a decrease from 37 (97%) subjects with a positive thermographic finding before surgery to 7 (18%) subjects after surgery (McNemar test, P <0.001). Conclusion: The study confirmed the thermographic criteria as well selected for adequate diagnosis of varicocele and that these criteria can and should be used in the interpretation of scrotal infrared thermography images both before and after surgery. Infrared thermography compared to clinical examination proved to be a statistically significantly better diagnostic method for the diagnosis of varicocele recurrence. It showed significant benefit in the diagnosis of recurrence after varicocele surgery, while the clinical examination had a high rate of false-positive findings. Infrared thermography 61 compared to color Doppler proved to be a method that has a statistically significantly better result, but we can also say that they have a significantly moderate agreement. With this research, infrared thermography showed a diagnostic value in the diagnosis of varicocele recurrence. Thermography has been shown to have better sensitivity and specificity compared to clinical examination and / or ultrasound.