| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Cilj je bio ispitati zdravstvenu pismenost i samoprocjenu zdravlja hospitaliziranih bolesnika, istražiti postoje li razlike s obzirom na demografska obilježja, pretilost, arterijsku hipertenziju (AH), šećernu bolest tipa 2 (ŠBT2), postoji li povezanost između zdravstvene pismenosti i samoprocjene (i s obzirom na pretilost, AH i ŠBT2) te identificirati najranjivije (s istodobno niskom razinom zdravstvene pismenosti, pretilosti, AH i ŠBT2). Nacrt studije: Presječno istraživanje. Ispitanici i metode: Uključeno je 500 hospitaliziranih bolesnika u Općoj županijskoj bolnici Požega (42,2 % muških, medijana dobi 63 godine, interkvartilnog raspona 42 - 73 godine). Prvi je dio upitnika sadržavao pitanja o općim obilježjima ispitanika, a drugi dio se sastojao od Testa kratke procjene zdravstvene pismenosti za odrasle koji govore hrvatski jezik i hrvatske inačice Upitnika za samoprocjenu zdravlja. Rezultati: Od ukupno 500 ispitanika prikladno zdravstveno pismenih je bilo 173 (34,6 %). AH je nađena u 368 (73,6 %), a ŠBT2 u 132 (26,4 %) ispitanika, dok je 158 (31,4%) ispitanika bilo pretilo. Značajno veću učestalost zdravstvene pismenosti imale su žene (P < 0,001), ispitanici koji žive u gradu (P < 0,001), bez AH (P < 0,001) i bez ŠBT2 (P < 0,001). Nije bilo značajne razlike u zdravstvenoj pismenosti s obzirom na indeks tjelesne mase (P = 0,87). Zdravstvena pismenost je bila značajno pozitivno povezana sa svim domenama samoprocjene zdravlja, osim značajno negativna s domenom društvenog funkcioniranja. Pretili nisu značajno različito samoprocijenili zdravlje (P = 0,67), a ispitanici bez AH kao i oni bez ŠBT2 su ga procijenili boljim u svim domenama (P < 0,001). Najranjivijih ispitanika bilo je 8 % ispitanika i oni su značajno lošije samoprocijenili zdravlje u velikom broju čestica tjelesnog i duševnog zdravlja od ostalih. Zaključak: Razina zdravstvene pismenosti u hospitaliziranih bolesnika je bila na niskoj razini i samoprocjenjeno zdravlje loše. Ispitanici koji su imali AH ili ŠBT2 su rjeđe zdravstveno pismeni, no nije utvrđena povezanost zdravstvene pismenosti s pretilosti. Zdravstvena pismenost je bila povezana s boljom samoprocjenom zdravlja. |
| Abstract (english) | Aim: The aim was to examine health literacy of health (and with regard to obesity, AH and T2DM) and to identify the most vulnerable of them (with simultaneously low level of health literacy, obesity, AH and T2DM). Study design: Cross-sectional survey. Subjects and methods: 500 hospitalized patients in the General County Hospital of Požega were included (42.2% male, median age 63 years, interquartile range 42 - 73 years). The first part of the questionnaire contained questions about general characteristics of the respondents, and the second part consisted of the Short Health Literacy Assessment Test for Croatian-speaking adults (SAHLCA-50) and the Croatian version of the Health Self-Assessment Questionnaire. Results: Out of a total of 500 respondents, 173 (34.6%) were adequately health literate. AH was found in 368 (73.6%) and T2DM in 132 (26.4%) subjects, while 158 (31.4%) were obese. Women (P < 0.001), those living in the city (P < 0.001), without AH (P < 0.001) and without T2DM (P < 0.001) had significantly higher frequency of health literacy. There was no significant difference in health literacy with regard to body mass index (P = 0.87). Health literacy was significantly positively associated with all domains of self-reported health, except significantly negatively with the domain of social functioning. Obese subjects did not self-assess their health significantly differently (P = 0.67), and subjects without AH as well as those without T2DM assessed it as better in all domains (P < 0.001, resp.). Eight % of the respondents belonged to the mist vulnerable and they self-assessed their health significantly worse in a large number of physical and mental health particles than the others. Conclusion: Health literacy in hospitalized patients was at a low level and self-assessed health was poor. Respondents who had AH or T2DM were less likely to be health literate, while no association between health literacy and obesity was found. Health literacy was associated with better self-reported health |
