| Abstract | Cilj: Osnovni je cilj ispitati ulogu povezljivosti u samoprocjeni uspješnog starenja starijih osoba.
Nacrt studije: Istraživanje je ustrojeno kao presječna studija i provedeno je u dva dijela. Prvi dio istraživanja obuhvatio je psihometrijsku analizu hrvatske inačice strukturiranog instrumenta Register – Connectedness Scale for Older Adults (RCSOA) za ispitivanje povezljivosti u starijih osoba. U drugome je dijelu provedeno glavno istraživanje.
Ispitanici i metode: U prvi dio istraživanja u kojemu je provedena psihometrijska analiza hrvatske inačice ljestvice RCSOA uključeno je 700 ispitanika, a konačni uzorak za glavno istraživanje obuhvatio je 523 ispitanika. Instrument istraživanja bio je anonimni upitnik koji je obuhvatio: 13 pitanja o općim obilježjima ispitanika, dva pitanja samoprocjene zdravlja, hrvatsku inačicu skale povezljivosti RCSOA, Skalu samoprocjene uspješnog starenja (SSUS), procjenu funkcionalne sposobnosti (12 pitanja), Rosenbergovu Skalu samopoštovanja, Skalu životnog zadovoljstva, Gerijatrijsku skalu depresije (kratka verzija), Skalu usamljenosti UCLA.
Rezultati: U prvom dijelu istraživanja provjerom faktorske strukture hrvatske inačice ljestvice RCSOA potvrđene su jednofaktorske strukture domena: Samoregulacija, Suočavanje sa starenjem, „Obitelj”, „Prijatelji” i „Duhovnost”. Dobivena je zadovoljavajuća unutarnja pouzdanost svih domena (od α = 0,874 do α = 0,934), a koeficijent unutarnje pouzdanosti Cronbach Alpha cijele skale je 0,954. U glavno istraživanje uključeno je 523 ispitanika, 169 (32,3 %) muškaraca i 354 (67,7 %) žena. U prognozi uspješnog starenja svi promatrani čimbenici pojedinačno su se pokazali značajnim (P < 0,001 za sve) s omjerima izgleda (OR) od 0,26 (funkcionalna sposobnost) do 1,91 (povezljivost). U konačnom multivarijatnom logističkom regresijskom modelu (2 test = 193,6, df = 3, P < 0,001) koji objašnjava od 31 % (po Cox&Snell) do 41 % (po Negelkerke) uspješnog starenja i točno klasificira 75 % slučajeva, ostala su uključena tri značajna prediktora (P < 0,001 za sve): povezljivost (OR = 1,37), ocjena životnog zadovoljstva (OR = 1,19) i Gerijatrijska skala depresije (OR = 0,85).
Zaključak: Povezljivost, kao višedimenzionalni konstrukt, ima značajnu prediktivnu vrijednost u samoprocjeni uspješnog starenja starijih osoba te poboljšanje povezljivosti kod starijih osoba može povećati njihov kapacitet za uspješno starenje. |
| Abstract (english) | Title: Predictive value of connectedness in self-perceived successful aging
Objective: The general objective was to investigate the role of connectedness in self-perception of aging among the older adults
Study design: The research was organized as a cross-sectional study and was conducted in two parts. The first part of the study consisted of the psychometric analysis of the Croatian version of the structured instrument Register – Connectedness Scale for Older Adults (RCSOA) for the investigation of connectedness in the older population. In the second part of the study, the main research was conducted.
Participants and methods: In the first part of the study in which the psychometric analysis of the Croatian version of the RCSOA scale was conducted, 700 participants were included, and the final sample for the main research encompassed 523 participants. The research instrument was the anonymous survey which included: 13 questions on general characteristics of the participants, two questions on self-perception of health, the Croatian version of the RCSOA scale of connectedness, Self-perception of Successful Aging Scale (SSUS), Functional Capability Evaluation (12 questions), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale (short form), UCLA Loneliness Scale
Results: In the first part of the study the following single-factor structural domains were confirmed by examining the factorial structure of the Croatian version of the RCSOA scale: Self-Regulation, Coping with Aging, Family, Friends and Spirituality. Satisfactory internal reliability of all domains was demonstrated (from α = 0.874 to α = 0.934), and the Cronbach Alpha coefficient of internal reliability of the whole scale was 0.954. A total of 523 participants, 169 (32.3%) male, and 354 (67.7%) female, were included in the main part of the research. All the observed factors were proven significant (P < 0.001 for all) in the prediction of successful aging, with the odds ratio (OR) measuring from 0.26 (functional capability) to 1.91 (connectedness). In the final multivariate logistic regression model (2 test = 193.6, df = 3, P < 0.001), which accounts for 31% (according to Cox&Snell) to 41% (according to Negelkerke) of successful aging and correctly classifies 75% of the cases, three significant predictors (P < 0.001 for all) remained included: connectedness (OR = 1.37), life satisfaction (OR = 1.19) and Geriatric Depression Scale (OR = 0.85).
Conclusion: Connectedness, as a multi-dimensional construct, has a significant predictive value in self-perception of successful aging among the older population. Furthermore, the enhancement of connectedness in older people can increase their capacity to age successfully. |
