| Abstract | CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: Ispitati postoje li razlike u propisivanju psihofarmaka na Zavodu za djeĉju i adolescentnu psihijatriju u razdoblju od 1. 1. 2018. do 31. 12. 2018. godine s obzirom na dijagnozu, dob i spol. NACRT ISTRAŽIVANJA: Presjeĉno istraţivanje. ISPITANICI I POSTUPCI: Istraţivanje je provedeno na Zavodu za djeĉju i adolescentnu psihijatriju Kliniĉkog bolniĉkog centra Osijek (KBCO). Prikupljeni su podaci 97 pacijenata. Medijan dobi svih pacijenata iznosio je 14 godina u rasponu od 7 do 18 godina. Prikupljeni su podaci iz arhivske dokumentacije pregledom povijesti bolesti o dobi, spolu, glavnoj dijagnozi, komorbidnim dijagnozama te o vrsti psihofarmaka (antidepresiv, anksiolitik, antipsihotik). REZULTATI: Antidepresive znaĉajnije više piju ispitanici u dobi od 14 do 18 godina (61 %) u odnosu na mlaĊe ispitanike, dok u terapiji antipsihoticima i anksioliticima nema znaĉajnih razlika u odnosu na dobne skupine. Antipsihotike kao terapiju uzima 24 % ispitanika, od kojih znaĉajnije više muški spol, njih 38 % (P = 0,004). Antidepresive pije 50 % ispitanika, znaĉajnije više ţenski spol, njih 64 % (P = 0,002). Anksiolitike pije 31 % ispitanika, bez znaĉajne razlike u odnosu na spol. Antipsihotike znaĉajno više uzimaju kao terapiju ispitanici s akutnim i prolaznim psihotiĉnim poremećajima, opsesivno-kompulzivnim poremećajima te ispitanici s blagom metalnom retardacijom. Antidepresive znaĉajno kao terapiju imaju ispitanici s dijagnozom emocionalni poremećaji s poĉetkom specifiĉno u djetinjstvu, mješoviti poremećaji ponašanja i osjećaja, zatim bipolarni afektivni poremećaji, depresivne epizode, fobiĉno anksiozni poremećaji te ostali anksiozni poremećaji. MeĊutim, za anksiolitike nema znaĉajne razlike u propisivanju u odnosu na dijagnozu. ZAKLJUČAK: Najĉešće psihijatrijske dijagnoze djece i adolescenata pripadaju skupinama neurotskih i somatoformnih poremećaja i poremećaja izazvanih stresom te skupini poremećaja ponašanja i emocionalnih poremećaja s nastankom u djetinjstvu i adolescenciji. Antidepresive znaĉajnije piju ispitanici u dobi od 14 do 18 godina. Antipsihotike kao terapiju znaĉajnije pije muški spol, dok antidepresive ţenski spol. |
| Abstract (english) | Analysis of prescribing the psychotropic drugs for children and adolescents in hospital treatment in Unit of child and adolescent psychiatry in period from 1/1/2018 until 12/31/2018. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in prescription of psychotropic drugs at the Clinical Department for Children and Adolescent Psychiatry in the period from 1/1/2018 until 12/31/2018 in terms of diagnosis, age, and gender. STUDY DESIGN: a cross-sectional study PATIENTS AND METHODS: The research was conducted at the Department for Children and Adolescent Psychiatry of Osijek Clinical Hospital Center. The data were collected from 97 patients. The median age of all patients was 14 years, ranging from 7 to 18 years. The data from the archive documentation was collected by reviewing the patient’s histories, age, gender, main diagnosis, comorbid diagnosis, and the type of psychotropic drugs (antidepressant, anxiolytic, antipsychotic) RESULTS: Antidepressants are significantly more frequent among 14 to 18 year olds (61 %) than in younger subjects, whereas antipsychotics and anxiolytics have no significant differences in age groups. Antipsychotics as therapy are taken by 24 % of subjects, of which significantly more male sex, 38 % (P = 0.004), 50 % of subjects drink antidepressants, more women than men, 64 % (P = 0.002), and 31 % of subjects drink anxiolytic, without any significant gender difference. Antipsychotics are considerably more effective in treating patients with an acute and transient psychotic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and subjects with mild mental retardation. Antidepressants are used to treat subjects with a diagnosis of childhood-specific emotional disorder, mixed behavioral and emotional disorders, bipolar affective disorders, depressive episodes, phobic anxiety disorder and other anxiety disorders. CONCLUSION: The most common psychiatric diagnoses of children and adolescents belong to groups of neurotic and somatoform disorders and stress-induced disorders, as well as to the group of behavioral disorders and emotional disorders that develop in childhood and adolescence. Antidepressants are significantly more frequent among 14 to 18 year olds. Antipsychotics are taken as therapy more by male sex, than the female sex. |
