Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of kidney tumors as well as pathohistological and demographic characteristics of patients who underwent nephrectomy at the Osijek University Hospital. Also, to compare those characteristics between PN and RN and determine the proportion of benign tumors. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Patients and methods: The subjects are patients with renal tumor mass treated with nephrectomy at the Department of Urology KBC Osijek between 2017 and 2021. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were acquired by reviewing the hospital information system. Results: Examination group consisted of 202 patients, 65 % men and 35 % women, 62 years on average. 12 % of tumors were benign, most of which were oncocytomas. Adenocarcinomas accounted for 83 % of all malignant tumors, most of them were of nuclear grade 2 and the most often subtype was clear cell carcinoma. In the group of malignant tumors the most common were stages T1a and T1b. Significantly more larger tumors and higher grade adenocarcinomas were operated with RN. RN was preformed in 80 % of cases, of which 37 were T1a stage tumors and 12 % of RN operated cases were ultimately shown to be benign tumors. Comparing PN and RN has comfirmed a significant increase in postoperative creatinine serum levels as well as higher-grade complications in RN, but there was no difference in the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: Kidney tumors are mostly diagnosed in all the old age, more commonly in men. Pathohistologically, adenocarcinomas of lower grade and stage of disease are dominant. Given the significant number of benign tumors removed by RN, preoperative PB of kidney tumors should have a more significant role, despite its shortcomings.