| Abstract | Prisutnost i podrška drugih osoba osnovni je socijalni čimbenik i značajan prediktor starenja, a njihova dostupnost i percepcija određena je sociodemografskim obilježjima pojedinca. Demografski pomak prema starenju stanovništva uzrokuje i sve veći broj osoba kojima treba neki oblik skrbi i podrške u životu. Cilj rada: Ispitati različitost percepcije socijalne podrške kod osoba starije životne dobi koje žive u vlastitom domu s obitelji i u ustanovi za stare i nemoćne, te ispitati povezanost percepcije socijalne podrške sa sociodemografskim obilježjima. Metode: Ispitanici su osobe starije životne dobi, 65 godina i više koje žive u vlastitom domu s obitelji i osobe koje su smještene u ustanovu za stare i nemoćne na području gradova Osijeka i Đakova. Podatci su prikupljeni anonimnom anketom koja se sastojala od sociodemografskih podataka i Multidimenzionalne skale percipirane socijalne podrške. Rezultati: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 142 ispitanika starije životne dobi, prosječne starosti 76 godina. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika 93 (65,49 %) su bile žene, a 49 (34,51) su bili muškarci. Prema bračnom statusu najveću percepciju socijalne podrške imaju osobe u braku 5,76 ± 1, a najmanje neudate/neoženjene osobe 3,07 ± 1,66. Prema stručnoj spremi, statistički značajna razlika pronađena je u ukupnom rezultatu percipirane socijalne podrške (p = 0,013), u obiteljskoj podršci (p = 0,014) i ostalim podrškama (p = 0,011). Obzirom na zdravstveni status, najveću percepciju socijalne podrške od strane obitelji, prijatelja i ostalih primaju zdrave osobe 5,75 ± 1,37, a najmanju osobe oboljele od psihičkih bolesti 3 ± 0. Prema financijskom stanju najveću percepciju socijalne podrške imaju osobe koje imaju osobnu mirovinu, a najmanju oni koji primaju socijalnu pomoć i koji su bez mirovine, osim od strane prijatelja (p = 0,640). Zaključak: Osobe starije životne dobi koje žive u vlastitom domu s obitelji, bračnim partnerom, koje imaju osobnu mirovinu i boljeg su zdravstvenog stanja imaju bolju percepciju socijalne podrške. |
| Abstract (english) | Abstract: The presence and support of other people are the main social factor and a significant predictor of aging, and their availability and perception is determined by socio-demographic characteristics of the individual. The demographic shift towards aging population is causing an increasing number of people who need some form of care and support in life. The aim of this paper is to examine the diversity of perceptions of social support at the elderly living at home with the family and in institutions for the elderly and infirm, and examine the relationship between perceptions of social support to the socio-demographic characteristics. Methods: The subjects were elderly, 65 years and over living at home with their family and those who are institutionalized for the elderly and disabled to the cities of Osijek and Đakovo. Data were collected by anonymous questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic data and multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Results: The study included 142 elderly subjects, the average age of 76 years. Of all respondents 93 (65.49%) were female, and 49 (34.51) were male. According to the marital status of the highest perception of social support have married people 5.76 ± 1, and at least single / unmarried persons 3.07 ± 1.66. By qualification, a statistically significant difference was found in overall result of perceived social support (p = 0.013), in a family support (p = 0.014) and other support (p = 0.011) . Considering their health status, the highest perception of social support from family , friends and others receive healthy people 5.75 ± 1.37, and the lowest those suffering from mental illnesses is 3 ± 0. According to the financial state the greatest perception of social support have individuals with pensions, a minimum those receiving benefits and who have no pensions, depending on their friends financial help (p = 0.640). Conclusion: Seniors who live at their own home with their family, a spouse as well as those have a regular income in form of a pension, and the better health status they have the better pecereption of a social support they percieve. |
