Research Objectives: The aim of this paper was to present such pharmacological treatment of mental patients treated in primary health care, as well as determine the prevalence of prescribing drugs for mental illnesses and the possible differences in the prevalence of drug prescribing in terms of the patients’ age and sex. Study Plan: Cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a way that the data were collected at a family medicine clinic for the period from the beginning to the end of 2016. The main method used in the study was the systematic search of the database for patients with the medical diagnosis F00 - F99 according to ICD. The data collected were classified by age, sex, indication for drug prescription and type of drug. Results: The results showed a high prevalence of drug prescriptions according to ATC for the treatment of mental disorders, especially those used to treat anxiety. Moreover, the group of comprising anxiety is the first in the frequency of occurrence among mental patients, especially men, whereas among women the most common diagnosis belongs to the group of disorders caused by psychoactive substances, but this difference is not apparent in the prevalence of drug prescription according to the gender and age of respondents. Conclusion: The most common diagnosis of mental patients treated in primary health care are diagnoses from the group of neurostatic and stress-related disorders, like anxiety, and the most commonly prescribed medicine by family medicine practitioners in primary health care is the anxiolytic Diazepam. Unfortunately, in today's everyday life, there is an increasing number of mental illnesses and more frequent use of psychopharmacotherapy, regardless of the sex and age of the affected person.