The effect of surgery type on body image in women diagnosed with breast cancer Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare body image and levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and social support among women diagnosed with breast cancer between those who underwent mastectomy (divided in groups with or without breast reconstruction) and those who underwent breast conserving operation, as well as to compare them with healthy control group. Study design: The study is structured as a case control study. Participants and methods: Case group consisted of 178 women with breast cancer (88 who underwent mastectomy and 90 who underwent breast conserving surgery). Control group consisted of 176 women, who correlated with case group in terms of age. Among 88 women who underwent mastectomy, 52 underwent breast reconstruction. All women filled in an anonymous questionnaire, which consisted of Body Image Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Social Support Scale, and short sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Women who underwent mastectomy had lower body image than women who underwent breast conserving surgical treatment. Levels of depression, anxiety and stress were higher in case group and level of social support was lower. Women with lower level of social support had lower body image and higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Women with lower body image had higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress. Statistically significant differences were not found in groups with or without breast reconstruction. Conclusion: Conserving breast surgery positively affected the body image among the examined women. Women with stronger social support had better body image and lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress.