Objectives: The main aim of this study was to examine whether there is a difference in the use of anxiolytics before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among other objectives was to examine whether there was a difference in the amount of anxiolytics used according to the place of residence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Study design: The research is organized as a cross-sectional study with historical data Material and Methods: 4 family medicine clinics of the Osijek-Baranja County Health Center participated in the research. Cezih information system was used as a test instrument, from which data on the consumption of 7 anxiolytics were obtained (N05BA01 diazepam, N05BA04 oxazepam, N05BA06 lorazepam, N05BA08 bromazepam, N05BA12 alprazolam, N05CD02 nitrazepam and N05CF02 zolpidem) in the period from 1. 1. 2019 to 31. 12. 2019 and from 1. 1. 2021 to 31.12.2021. Results: The results show that the prescriptiveness of anxiolytics increased during the COVID-19 pandemic in both urban and rural areas. The most prescribed drugs are alprazolam, diazepam and zolpidem. Also, this research shows that in 2021, more anxiolytics were used in rural areas than in the city. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, we can conclude that the COVID-19 pandemic affected people's mental health, so the consumption of anxiolytics increased in 2021 compared to 2019, although this increase is not statistically significant. In the area of the city of Osijek, alprazolam, Diazepam and zolpidem were mostly prescribed, and in Josipovac diazepam and alprazolam. We also conclude that the vast majority of people have neglected other non-contagious diseases, including mental disorders, so this is one of the reasons why the increase in prescribed anxiolytics is not so great.