Objectives: The objectives of the study were divided into the three objectives. The primary objective was the evaluation of changes in the thickness of the inner reticular layer of the retina using OCT between groups of migraine patients and healthy subjects. The secondary objective was to evaluate the changes in the inner reticular layer of the retina using optical coherence tomography in the groups of patients with and without aura. Finally, the tertiary objective was to evaluate the association between the frequency of migraine headaches and changes in the thickness of the inner reticular layer of the retina using optical coherence tomography in the group patients with migraine. Study Design: The study was designed as a case control study. Participants and Methods: A total of 175 subjects, i.e. 350 eyes, were evaluated, of which 88 were migraine patients and 87 healthy controls. OCT was performed in all 175 subjects, followed by statistical processing of the obtained results. Results: The conducted study did not confirm the existence of a statistically significant difference in the thickness of the inner plexiform layer of the retina of both eyes measured by optical coherence tomography between the group of healthy subjects and subjects diagnosed with migraine. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was not verified between the group of subjects with migraine without aura compared to the group of subjects with migraine with aura. Next, statistically significant results were found using the correlation coefficient in comparison of impact of the frequency of migraine days in the group of migraine patients with aura, where statistically significant changes were found in almost all quadrants of both eyes except the central ones. Finally, further statistical processing of the one-way analysis of variance yielded statistically significant results for individual examined groups, as well as Spearman's correlation coefficient. Conclusion: This research revealed an evident impact of migraine on the changes of the retinal layer IPL layer among pre-research assigned groups. Considering our results, further research of the impact of migraine on the retinal layers are necessary.